General information
Scientific nomenclature
Piptadenia stipulacea (Benth.) Ducke, popularly known in the Caatinga as Jurema Branca, Family Fabaceae Lindl (FORZZA, 2010). Basionym Piptadenia cummunis var. stipulacea Benth (TROPICOS, 2017). According to the latest classification, APG III, based in the phylogenetic characteristics, the P. stipulacea is within the Class Equisetopsida C. Agardh, Sub Class Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht., Superorder Rosanae Takht., Order Fabales Bromhead (TROPICOS, 2017). Synonyms: Piptadenia communis var. stipulacea Benth., and Pityrocarpa stipulacea (Benth.) Brenan (TROPICOS, 2017).
Local names
Carcará, cassaco, jurema, rasga-beiço, and saia-velha.
Cultural and economic importance
The Jurema branca is indicated only for small constructions, posts, firewood, and coal, due to its small-sized wood (LORENZI, 2014). During the dry season, fallen leaves and bark serve as food for ruminants in the Caatinga (GOMES, 2015).
Ecological importance
A heliophyte pioneer plant, and xerophyte-selective (characteristic exclusive from the Caatinga) growing in capoeiras and the side of the roads. Its growing behavior is similar to weed, tolerating dry and low-fertile soils. That is the reason why it is widespread throughout the region (LORENZI, 2014).
Geographical distribution
P. stipulacea is an endemic species, native from Brazil (CNIP, 2017; TROPICOS, 2017). According to Flora do Brasil (2017), it has been confirmed in the Northeast region (Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, and Sergipe).
Botanic description
Size, crown shape, color, growth habit
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Vegetative characteristics
- Trunk and bark
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- Leaves
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- Flower/inflorescence
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- Fruit, seeds and dispersal syndrome
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REFERENCES
- TROPICOS. Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. Available at <http://www.tropicos.org/Name/13036820>. Access 02 may 2017.
- LORENZI, H. Árvores brasileiras: manual de identificação e cultivo de plantas arbóreas do Brasil. 4. ed. Nova Odessa, SP: Instituto Plantarum, 2014. 384 p.
- GOMES, L. H. dos S. Desenvolvimento inicial de Piptadenia stipulacea em diferentes tipos e usos do solo da Caatinga.2015. 70 f. Dissertation (Masters in Animal Science) – Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2015.
- FORZZA, R. C. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil. Available at < http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010>. Access 05 march 2017.